When the American Revolution broke out in 1775, the colonists weren’t fighting united under a single flag. Instead, most regiments participating in the war for independence against the British fought under their own flags. In June of 1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia to create the Continental Army - a unified colonial fighting force - with the hopes of a more organized battle against its colonial oppressors. This led to the creation of
what was, essentially, the first “American” flag, the Continental Colors. For some, this flag, which was comprised of 13 red and
white alternating stripes and a Union Jack in the corner, was too similar to that of the British. (lower left image)

George Washington soon realized that flying a flag that was even remotely close to the British flag was not a great confidence-builder for the revolutionary effort, so he turned his efforts towards creating a new symbol of freedom for the soon-to-be fledgling nation. On June 14, 1777, the Second Continental Congress took a break from writing the Articles of Confederation and passed a resolution stating that “the flag of the United States be 13 stripes, alternate red and white,” and that “the union be 13 stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation.” (top left image).

Over 100 years later, in 1916, President Woodrow Wilson marked
the anniversary of that decree by officially establishing June 14 as Flag Day.